Water Treatment

In the field of water treatment, such as sewage purification, pure water preparation, beverage processing, industrial water supply, pool purification, and aquarium landscape purification, a large amount of quartz products are used. In the field of water treatment, quartz sand filter material is used for impurity filtration treatment, and ultraviolet sterilization lamps made of quartz glass tubes are used for sterilization treatment.

Quartz Sand Filter Material

Filtration is a technical means to block and separate impurities in sewage using filter materials (filter media). By means of interception, settlement, and adsorption of filter media, the purpose of water purification is achieved. It is used not only in sewage pretreatment but also in the final treatment stage of sewage. Natural quartz sand is one of the oldest filter materials in history, with characteristics such as wide source, low price, good mechanical strength, and chemical properties. Quartz sand with different particle sizes is used in different stages of the filtration process. It can effectively remove suspended solids in water, and has a significant removal effect on colloids, iron, organic matter, pesticides, manganese, bacteria, viruses, and other pollutants in water. It has the advantages of fast filtration speed, high filtration accuracy, and large dirt holding capacity.

Ultraviolet Sterilization

UV sterilization is an essential part of safe drinking water, bathing, and reclaimed water treatment. Ultraviolet light destroys the DNA of microorganisms (bacteria and viruses), preventing their infection and reproduction. Even low doses of irradiation can achieve a 4-log reduction in chloro-resistant pathogens such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia. Therefore, ultraviolet light is widely used as another barrier to eliminate "Cryptosporidium" worldwide.

Ultraviolet light has a high cost-effectiveness in multi-layer treatment systems. In areas where municipal drinking water is disinfected with chlorine, ultraviolet light can provide a higher level of safety and reduce the intake of chlorine. The cost of applying ultraviolet light in multi-layer treatment systems is significantly lower than that of ozone and membrane filtration. At the same time, ultraviolet disinfection does not produce any harmful by-products and does not affect the taste and odor of water; while chlorination may produce trihalomethanes, and ozone may produce bromates.

Doped UV transparent quartz glass has high transmittance in the ultraviolet (UV) frequency band, with over 90% transmission at a wavelength of 254nm. Quartz lamps and quartz sleeves for sterilization are made using this characteristic.

Domestic Appliances

Quartz glass is often used in household appliances as high-temperature and water-stained resistant components (quartz glass can be used at 1000°C), such as quartz tube heaters, quartz tube heaters, carbon fiber heating tube bodies in ovens, dishwasher sleeves, and fireplace walls; UV quartz glass tubes are also used for household sterilization, such as household sterilization lamps, sterilization in air purifiers, and sterilization in shoe cabinets.

Illumination and Optics

Illumination Fixtures

Metal halide lamps are a type of lamp with a relatively high tube wall load and a very high bulb shell temperature, generally between 500 and 1000°C. Only quartz glass tubes can withstand this temperature; at the same time, quartz glass tubes have a small coefficient of thermal expansion and will not crack due to uneven heating and cooling of the lamp tube.

Optical Applications

Excellent quartz glass can transmit ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared light, with high hardness, small thermal expansion, stable structural dimensions, resistance to chemical corrosion, and radiation. Therefore, in various optical systems, it is widely used as lenses, prisms, light windows, camera lenses, mirrors, telescopes, etc.

In this field, quartz glass requires high optical uniformity, and different processing techniques are adopted for different applicable wavelengths.

Industrial High-Temperature Windows

Due to the high transmittance and high-temperature resistance of quartz glass, it is widely used in observation windows of industrial kilns, boilers, tunnel furnaces, and other high-temperature occasions.

Chemical and Laboratory

Quartz glass tubes are often used to make chemical reaction vessels and reaction pipelines, used in chemical reactions under strong acid and high-temperature conditions in chemical enterprises. Quartz glass tubes and quartz glass sheets are also used to make corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant laboratory test tubes, containers, coverslips, and cover glasses. For example, Dr. Iacovino synthesized cobalt oxide in a quartz glass tube at 1010°C.

Semiconductor

In the semiconductor industry, quartz glass is widely used due to its high purity, high-temperature resistance, and low thermal expansion. For example, quartz diffusion tubes used in key processes such as doping, diffusion, oxidation, and annealing of single crystal silicon wafers; quartz bells used in epitaxial processes; brackets used in silicon wafer acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning processes; quartz boats used in silicon wafer diffusion processes.

Dielectric Substrate

Quartz glass sheets have low dielectric loss, high uniformity, and high flatness. Slight dimensional and uniformity errors in high-frequency/radio frequency circuits will seriously degrade the performance of the transmission path. With precise processing and extremely low thermal expansion, quartz glass sheets have become important substrate materials for high-frequency microwave circuits. Haishan Quartz can provide quartz dielectric substrates from 0.1mm to several centimeters thick.

Mask Plate

Flat panel display technology is advancing by leaps and bounds, and one of the key materials required for manufacturing displays is "high-precision quartz glass mask plates" used for coating and photolithography. The technology for small-sized quartz glass plates (below 200mm * 200mm) in China is mature, while the technology for large-sized quartz glass substrates has been lagging behind for many years and relies on imports. Haishan Quartz and its affiliated companies have been researching and developing large-sized quartz glass plates and quartz glass sheets since 2011, achieving technological breakthroughs. Currently, it can produce quartz glass plates with dimensions of up to 1000mm * 2000mm to meet the needs of domestic and foreign users.